NEUTROPHIL-TO-LYPHOCYTE RATIO IS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED IN CENTRAL OBESITY

Muh Taufiq

doi:10.47918/jhts.v5i1.1799

Muh Taufiq Universitas Bina Mandiri Gorontalo, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47918/jhts.v5i1.1799

Keywords: NLR, Central Obesity

Abstract

The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a biomarker closely associated with systemic inflammation, particularly in conditions like central obesity. Given that central obesity leads to increased NLR, which in turn raises the risk of metabolic syndrome, including cardiovascular disease, conducting this study is deemed highly necessary, especially in regions with a high prevalence of central obesity, such as Gorontalo City, Indonesia. This study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis. A total of 100 respondents, categorized as Central Obese (CO) and Non-Central Obese (Non-CO), were evaluated for their NLR. Obesity categories were assessed based on the Asia-Pacific criteria. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in NLR between those with and without central obesity, for both men and women (with p-values of 0.020 and 0.004, respectively). Overall, the findings suggest that NLR is significantly higher in individuals with central obesity compared to those without. Future studies should focus on assessing the correlation between NLR and other metabolic disease risk factors.

References

[1] E. Israel, K. Hassen, M. Markos, K. Wolde, and B. Hawulte, “Central Obesity and Associated Factors Among Urban Adults in Dire Dawa Administrative City, Eastern Ethiopia,” Diabetes, Metab. Syndr. Obes., vol. 15, no. February, pp. 601–614, 2022, doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S348098.
[2] S. M. Jeong et al., “2023 Obesity Fact Sheet: Prevalence of Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Adults, Adolescents, and Children in Korea from 2012 to 2021,” J. Obes. Metab. Syndr., vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 27–35, 2024, doi: 10.7570/jomes24012.
[3] W. Y. Feng, X. D. Li, J. Li, Y. Shen, and Q. Li, “Prevalence and risk factors of central obesity among adults with normal bmi in shaanxi, china: A cross-sectional study,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 18, no. 21, 2021, doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111439.
[4] D. Khanna, S. Khanna, P. Khanna, P. Kahar, and B. M. Patel, “Obesity: A Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Its Markers,” Cureus, vol. 14, no. 2, 2022, doi: 10.7759/cureus.22711.
[5] Q. C. Wang and Z. Y. Wang, “Comparative analysis of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and remnant cholesterol in predicting cardiovascular events and mortality in general adult population,” Sci. Rep., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2023, doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-49403-8.
[6] T. Angkananard, T. Anothaisintawee, M. McEvoy, J. Attia, and A. Thakkinstian, “Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,” Biomed Res. Int., vol. 2018, 2018, doi: 10.1155/2018/2703518.
[7] World Health Organisation (WHO), “Methods for measuring waist and hip circumference,” in WHO | Waist Circumference and Waist–Hip Ratio. Report of a WHO Expert Consultation, 8th ed., no. December, WHO, Ed., Geneva: WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data, 2011, pp. 5–7. [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int
[8] A. Buonacera, B. Stancanelli, M. Colaci, and L. Malatino, “Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases,” Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 23, no. 7, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijms23073636.
[9] Z. Bagyura et al., “Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Is an Independent Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease in Central Obesity,” Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 1–11, 2023, doi: 10.3390/ijms24087397.
[10] H. Fauziah, S. Aprianti, S. W. Hartono, and S. Jalaluddin, “Analysis of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio between Obese and Non-Obese Women,” vol. 06, no. 04, pp. 20–23, 2023.
[11] E. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, M. D. Salas-González, R. M. Ortega, and A. M. López-Sobaler, “Leukocytes and Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio as Indicators of Insulin Resistance in Overweight/Obese School-Children,” Front. Nutr., vol. 8, no. May, pp. 1–8, 2022, doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.811081.
[12] C. H. Lin, Y. H. Li, Y. Y. Wang, and W.D.Chang,“HigherNeutrophil‐to‐Lymphocyte Ratio Was Associated with Increased Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Overweight/Obese but Not Normal‐Weight Individuals,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 19, no. 13, pp. 1–13, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijerph19138077.