TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS FOR ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE DETECTION

Abstrak

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) poses a global threat, necessitating a shift from slow culture-based methods (24–48 hours) to rapid molecular diagnostics to ensure timely targeted therapy. Methodology: This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis of 10,776 Scopus-indexed articles (up to 2024) using the PRISMA protocol and VOSviewer for network visualization. Publications peaked in 2024, with the United States and China leading global contributions. Thematic analysis reveals a transition from basic genetic studies to advanced technologies like NGS, multiplex PCR, CRISPR-based systems, and microfluidic biosensors. Key markers include carbapenemase (bla_NDM, bla_KPC), colistin resistance (mcr-1), and ESBLs. Emerging trends emphasize AI integration and decentralized Point-of-Care (POC) testing. Conclusion: Molecular diagnostics are vital for Antimicrobial Stewardship. Despite technological leaps, clinical standardization and costs remain significant barriers. This mapping provides a strategic roadmap for enhancing global resistance surveillance and precision diagnostics.