ANALYSIS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AMONG DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS PARTICIPATING IN THE PROLANIS PROGRAM AT THE COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER OF KOTA UTARA DISTRICT, GORONTALO CITY

Abstrak

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease requiring long-term pharmacological therapy, thereby increasing the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Patients enrolled in the Indonesian Chronic Disease Management Program (PROLANIS) commonly receive continuous antidiabetic treatment, making pharmacovigilance an essential component of patient safety. This study aimed to analyze the risk of adverse drug reactions among diabetes mellitus patients participating in the PROLANIS program at the North Kota Community Health Center, Gorontalo City. A quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using secondary data obtained from patients' medical records. Total sampling was employed, resulting in 53 eligible participants. ADR risk was evaluated using the GerontoNet ADR Risk Score, while demographic characteristics, medication use, and clinical profiles were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages. The findings showed that most participants were female and aged between 51 and 60 years. Metformin was the most frequently prescribed antidiabetic medication, followed by sulfonylureas and combination therapy. Most patients had fewer than four comorbidities and no documented liver disease, renal impairment, or previous ADR history. However, approximately one-third of the participants received eight or more medications, indicating the presence of polypharmacy as a potential contributor to ADR risk. These findings suggest that although the overall clinical risk profile was relatively low, medication burden remains an important concern. Routine pharmacovigilance, regular medication review, and individualized treatment monitoring should be incorporated into the PROLANIS program to improve medication safety and optimize diabetes management in primary healthcare settings.